Chronopharmacology and timing of dosing.

Annual Review of Chronopharmacology

The f r a c t i o n a l d i s t r i b u t i o n o f l y m p h o c y t e subsets was d e t e r m i n e d i n t h r e e m a l e s u b j e c t s . I t s c o n t r i b u t i o n t o t h e c i r c a d i a n v a r i a t i o n i n t h e exp r ess i on o f ß2~adrenoceptor s i t e s on pe r iphera l m o n o n u c l e a r l e u c o c y t e s ( M N L ) was c a l c u l a t e d t o be 92 .7 -107 .3 % o f t ...

Opioid chronopharmacology: influence of timing of infusion on fentanyl’s analgesic efficacy in healthy human volunteers

Chronopharmacology studies the effect of the timing of drug administration on drug effect. Here, we measured the influence of 4 timing moments on fentanyl-induced antinociception in healthy volunteers. Eight subjects received 2.1 μg/kg intravenous fentanyl at 2 pm and 2 am, with at least 2 weeks between occasions, and 8 others at 8 am and 8 pm. Heat pain measurements using a thermode placed on ...

Annual Review of Chronopharmacology

Chronopharmacology: new insights and therapeutic implications.

Most facets of mammalian physiology and behavior vary according to time of day, thanks to endogenous circadian clocks. Therefore, it is not surprising that many aspects of pharmacology and toxicology also oscillate according to the same 24-h clocks. Daily oscillations in abundance of proteins necessary for either drug absorption or metabolism result in circadian pharmacokinetics, and oscillatio...

Chronopharmacology of Anti-Convulsive Therapy

Approximately one-third of patients with epilepsy continue to have seizures despite antiepileptic therapy. Many seizures occur in diurnal, sleep/wake, circadian, or even monthly patterns. The relationship between biomarkers and state changes is still being investigated, but early results suggest that some of these patterns may be related to endogenous circadian patterns whereas others may be re...